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Gunting Syafrudin

Sekarang saya akan membahas tentang gunting safrudin jadi buat sobat yang lagi nyari selamat membaca:
Gunting Sjafruddin adalah kebijakan moneter yang ditetapkan olehSyafruddin PrawiranegaraMenteri Keuangan dalam Kabinet Hatta II, yang mulai berlaku pada jam 20.00 tanggal 10 Maret 1950.
Menurut kebijakan itu, "uang merah" (uang NICA) dan uang De Javasche Bank dari pecahan Rp 5 ke atas digunting menjadi dua. Guntingan kiri tetap berlaku sebagai alat pembayaran yang sah dengan nilai setengah dari nilai semula sampai tanggal 9 Agustus pukul 18.00. Mulai 22 Maret sampai 16 April, bagian kiri itu harus ditukarkan dengan uang kertas baru di bank dan tempat-tempat yang telah ditunjuk. Lebih dari tanggal tersebut, maka bagian kiri itu tidak berlaku lagi. Guntingan kanan dinyatakan tidak berlaku, tetapi dapat ditukar dengan obligasi negara sebesar setengah dari nilai semula, dan akan dibayar empat puluh tahun kemudian dengan bunga 3% setahun. "Gunting Sjafruddin" itu juga berlaku bagi simpanan di bank. Pecahan Rp 2,50 ke bawah tidak mengalami pengguntingan, demikian pula uang ORI (Oeang Republik Indonesia).
Kebijakan ini dibuat untuk mengatasi situasi ekonomi Indonesia yang saat itu sedang terpuruk--utang menumpuk, inflasi tinggi, dan harga melambung. Dengan kebijaksanaan yang kontroversial itu, Sjafruddin bermaksud sekali pukul menembak beberapa sasaran: penggantian mata uang yang bermacam-macam dengan mata uang baru, mengurangi jumlah uang yang beredar untuk menekan inflasi dan dengan demikian menurunkan harga barang, dan mengisi kas pemerintah dengan pinjaman wajib yang besarnya diperkirakan akan mencapai Rp 1,5 miliar.


sumber: http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunting_Syafruddin

Program Benteng

sekarang saya akan membahas tentang program bentengProgram Benteng adalah kebijakan ekonomi yang diluncurkan pemerintah Indonesia bulan April 1950 dan secara resmi dihentikan tahun 1957. Tujuannya adalah membina pembentukan suatu kelas pengusaha Indonesia "pribumi" (dalam arti "non-Tionghoa).

Latar belakang

Pada tahun 1950-an, ada tekanan politis yang meningkat agar kekuasaan ekonomi diambil dari perusahaan swasta Belanda yang masih ada di Indonesia saat itu, demi penyelesaian Revolusi. Namun, Indonesia masih memerlukan modan dan keterampilan asing untuk menghasilkan pembangunan ekonomi yang diperlukan untuk menghadapi peningkatan jumlah penduduk. Bulan Februari 1950, presiden Soekarno sudah sempat menyampaikan kepada kalangan perusahaan asing bahwa pemulihan ekonomi Indonesia setelah selesainya Revolusi memerlukan dikerahkannya segala sumber modal, baik asing maupun dalam negeri. Tahun 1953 menteri Keuangan Ong Eng Die menyatakan bahwa peranan perusahaan asing dalam pembangunan ekonomi Indonesia perlu dicantumkan secara jelas dalam rencana pembangunan mendatang.
Program Benteng merupakan suatu cara mengembangkan peranan orang Indonesia dalam ekonomi tanpa merugikan perusahaan asing, terutama Belanda.

Pelaksanaan

Program Benteng melewati sejumlah tahap, dengan pengubahan dalam banyak kesempatan. Program terutama mencakup impor, karena modal yang diperlukan tidak terlalu besar. Lagipula, peranan Belanda sangat terasa di bidang ini, terutama lewat lima perusahaan niaga besar.
Pada mulanya yang ditekankan adalah barang mana yang wajib diimpor oleh pengusaha pribumi. Kemudian, yang dibicarakan adalah persyaratan mengenai kelayakan memperoleh lisensi impor. Tahun 1950 sudah sempat ditentukan bahwa paling tidak 70% dari pemegangan saham perusahaan harus dimiliki "bangsa Indonesia asli". Bulan Mei dan Juni 1953, debat mengenai penaikan persentase ini, termasuk tuduhan diskriminasi terhadap importir Tionghoa, berakibatkan jatuhnya Kabinet Wilopo.
Program Benteng ditinjau kembali bulan September 1955 oleh Kabinet Burhanuddin Harahap dan menteri Keuangan Sumitro Djojohadikusumo. Syarat berdasarkan suku dicabut dan diganti dengan persyaratan ketat mengenai pembayaran uang muka.
Dibentuknya Kabinet Karya di bawah Djuanda Kartawidjaja bulan Maret dan April 1957 ditandai dengan pengalihan ke "ekonomi terpimpin". Program Benteng resmi dihentikan.

Westlife | If I Let You Go


Day after day, time pass away
N' I just can't get you off my mind
Nobody knows, I hide it inside
I keep on searching, but I can't find
The courage to show, to letting you know
I've never felt so much love before
And once again, I'm thinking about
Taking the easy way out

( chorus )
But if I let you, I will never know
What my life would be, holding you close to me
Will I ever see, you smiling back at me
Oh yeah
How will I know...?
If I let you go

Night after night, I hear myself say
Why can't this feeling just fade away
There's no one like you, you speak to my heart
It's such a shame, we're worlds apart
I'm too shy to ask, I'm too proud to lose
But sooner or later, I got to choose
And once again, I'm thinking about
Taking the easy way outDay after day, time pass away
N' I just can't get you off my mind
Nobody knows, I hide it inside
I keep on searching, but I can't find
The courage to show, to letting you know
I've never felt so much love before
And once again, I'm thinking about
Taking the easy way out

( chorus )
But if I let you, I will never know
What my life would be, holding you close to me
Will I ever see, you smiling back at me
Oh yeah
How will I know...?
If I let you go

Night after night, I hear myself say
Why can't this feeling just fade away
There's no one like you, you speak to my heart
It's such a shame, we're worlds apart
I'm too shy to ask, I'm too proud to lose
But sooner or later, I got to choose
And once again, I'm thinking about
Taking the easy way out

( repeat chorus )
If I let you go...oh..baby
Once again I'm thinking about
Taking the easy way out

( repeat chorus )

But If I let you go, I will never know
Oh baby
Will I ever see, you smiling back at me
Oh yeah
How will I know ?
If I let you go

( repeat chorus )
If I let you go...oh..baby
Once again I'm thinking about
Taking the easy way out

( repeat chorus )

But If I let you go, I will never know
Oh baby
Will I ever see, you smiling back at me
Oh yeah
How will I know ?
If I let you go

westlife | I lay My Love On You


Just a smile and the rain is gone
Can hardly believe it (yeah)
There's an angel standing next to me
Reaching for my heart

Just a smile and there's no way back
Can hardly believe it (yeah)
But there's an angel, she's calling me
Reaching for my heart

I know, that I'll be ok now
This time it's real

I lay my love on you
It's all I wanna do
Everytime I breathe I feel brand new
You open up my heart
Show me all your love, and walk right through
As I lay my love on you

I was lost in a lonely place
Could hardly even believe it (yeah)
Holding on to yesterdays
Far, far too long

Now I believe its ok cause this time it's real

I lay my love on you
It's all I wanna do
Everytime I breathe I feel brand new
You open up my heart
Show me all your love, and walk right through
As I lay my love on you

I never knew that love could fell soo good

Like once in a lifetime
You change my world

I lay my love on you
You make me feel brand new
Show me all your love, and walk right through
As I lay my love on you

I lay my love on you
It's all I wanna do
Everytime I breathe I feel brand new
You open up my heart
Show me all your love, and walk right through
As I lay my love on you

I lay my love on you
You make me feel brand new
You open up my heart
Show me all your love, and walk right through
As I lay my love on you

As I lay my love on you

Westlife - My Girls

I've got sunshine on a cloudy day
When it's cold outside, I've got the month of may
I guess you say, what can make me feel this way
My girl? my girl, my girl
Talking about my girl?? My girl

I've got so much honey, the bees envy me
I've got a sweeter song, than the birds in the trees
Well, I guess you say, what can make me feel this way
My girl? my girl, my girl
Talking about my girl
My girl? oooo

Hey, Hey, Hey
Hey, Hey, Hey

Ooo yeah, I don't need no money
Fortune or fame, I got all the riches, baby
One man can claim, well
I guess you say, what can make me feel this way
My girl my girl, my girl
Talking? about my girl? my girl

Talking about my girl
I've got sunshine on a cloudy day with my girl
I've even got the month of May with my girl
Talking about, talking about, talking about, my girl
Talking about my girl
That's all I can talk about is my girl

Westlife | Swear It Again

I wanna know
Who ever told you I was letting go
Of the only joy that I have ever known
Girl, they're lying

Just look around
And all of the people that we used to know
Have just given up, they wanna let it go
But we're still trying

So you should know this love we share was never made to die
I'm glad we're on this one way street just you and I
Just you and I

Chorus:
I'm never gonna say goodbye
Cos I never wanna see you cry
I swore to you my love would remain
And I swear it all over again and I
I'm never gonna treat you bad
Cos I never wanna see you sad
I swore to share your joy and your pain
And I swear it all over again

All over again

Some people say
That everything has got its place in time
Even the day must give way to the night
But I'm not buying
Cos in your eyes
I see a love that burns eternally
And if you see how beautiful you are to me
You'll know I'm not lying

Sure there'll be times we wanna say goodbye
But even if we try
There are something's in this life won't be denied
Won't be denied

Chorus

The more I know of you is the more I know I love you
And the more that I'm sure I want you forever and ever more
The more that you love me, the more that I know
Oh that I'm never gonna let you go
Gotta let you know that I

Westlife | Open Your Heart

I didn't mean to let you down
You have to believe it
I don't know what went through my mind
But now I can see

That I waited too long
To tell you how much it matters
Just to be right here with you
But I couldn't think of anything better
I should have told you so

Baby open your heart
Won't you give me a second chance
And i'll be here forever
Open your heart
Let me show you how much I care
And I will make you understand
If you open your heart
To love me once again

I'll try to make it up to you
I want you to know
Baby I swear that I'll be true
And never let go
If I waited too long
To tell you how much it matters
Just to be right here with you
But I couldn't think of anything better
I should have told you so

Baby open your heart
Won't you give me a second chance
And i'll be here forever
Open your heart
Let me show you how much I care
And I will make you understand
If you open your heart
To love me once again

We could relive this pain and sorrow
But we better do it in time
Start over here and save tomorrow
I wanna make you mine

Open your heart with a chance
And I'll be here forever
Open your heart and I'll care
And I will make you understand
Oh baby,
If you open your heart
To love me once again

Baby open your heart
Won't you give me a second chance
And I'll be here forever
Open your heart
Let me show you how much I care
And I will make you understand
If you open your heart
To love me once again

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